Claims

SEM produces a moderate positive overall effect on students' physical education learning outcomes

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesis r3 · q3 · i2 medium
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q3 i2 SEM significantly improves students' physical education learning outcomes with a moderate pooled effect size of 0.590. → Yao Gege 2025

Evidence

Yao Gege 2025

Yao Gege, Zhang Junlong, Soh Kim Geok, Bai Xiaorong, Xiao Wensheng, Anuar Mohd Ashraff Mohd, Bao Lixia. (2025). Effective implementation of the Sport Education Model in physical education: A meta-analysis of participant and intervention characteristics. PLoS One. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0331228

q3 · i2 · quant-synthesis · r3

Random-effects meta-analysis of 15 studies (16 experimental groups, 15 control groups) totaling 2,890 participants. The pooled effect was "0.590 (P < 0.001)" with 95% CI 0.284–0.897, interpreted as moderate. Heterogeneity was high (I² = 98%, Q = 2200.62).

"The results of the random-effects model showed an effect size of 0.590 (P < 0.001), indicating a moderate positive effect of SEM on students' physical education learning"

Discussion

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