Sequential bilinguals score significantly below monolinguals on English vocabulary even with conceptual scoring and SES controlled¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2014 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2019: baselines and conditions change
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? Conceptual scoring did not ameliorate the difference between sequential bilinguals and monolinguals in either modality, even with SES statistically controlled. → Gross Megan 2014
Evidence¶
Gross Megan 2014¶
Gross Megan, Buac Milijana, Kaushanskaya Margarita. (2014). Conceptual scoring of receptive and expressive vocabulary measures in simultaneous and sequential bilingual children. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. https://doi.org/10.1044/2014_AJSLP-13-0026
q3 · i? · associational · r2
ANCOVA of English receptive conceptual scores in the 98-child sample with SES covariate; sequential bilinguals (n = 19) remained significantly below monolinguals and simultaneous bilinguals, as quoted; no effect size printed for this contrast.
"Sequential bilinguals’ conceptual scores were significantly lower than monolinguals’ scores, p < .001, and simultaneous bilinguals’ conceptual scores, p = .008."
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Oral Language — outcome: instruction changes it
- Reading and Language — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
Related Claims¶
- Conceptual scoring removes the monolingual-simultaneous-bilingual gap in English receptive vocabulary but not in English expressive vocabulary — related
- Conceptual scoring significantly raises bilingual children's standardized vocabulary scores, an effect not modulated by test language, modality, or acquisition history once SES is controlled — related
- Controlling for SES, monolingual children outperform both simultaneous and sequential bilinguals on single-language English receptive and expressive vocabulary measures — related
- Bilingual children score higher in English than Spanish, with the language effect larger in the expressive modality — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
sequential-bilinguals-gap-persists-conceptual-scoring |
title |
Sequential bilinguals score significantly below monolinguals on English vocabulary even with conceptual scoring and SES controlled |
description |
Sequential bilinguals score significantly below monolinguals on English vocabulary even with conceptual scoring and SES controlled |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2014 |
recheck_by |
2019 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — gross-megan-2014 |
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