All SES subcomponents (parental education, family income, neighborhood quality) significantly predicted each intelligence domain, with education and income effects about twice neighborhood quality¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Design limits · Nicholas Judd 2022: no comparison group (read from the study by two models, 2026-10-26)

Subclaims¶

q3 i? All SES components were significant (pFDR < 0.001) for each cognitive domain; cIQ showed the largest effects for parental education (β = 0.26), family income (β = 0.22), and neighborhood quality (β = 0.11). → Nicholas Judd 2022

Evidence¶

Nicholas Judd 2022¶

Nicholas Judd, Bruno Sauce and Torkel Klingberg. (2022). Schooling substantially improves intelligence, but neither lessens nor widens the impacts of socioeconomics and genetics. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-022-00148-5

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Follow-up analysis treating each SES subcomponent separately with FDR correction across the family of tests, motivated by literature calling for SES measures to be treated independently. WM effect sizes slightly exceeded fIQ for each subcomponent.

"All components were significant ( pFDR < 0.001) for each cognitive domain. cIQ showed the largest effects for parental education ( β = 0.26), family income ( β = 0.22) and neighborhood quality ( β = 0.11)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Socioeconomic Status — predictor: outcomes differ by group: a gap reflecting circumstances and treatment, not a cause

Related Claims¶

• CogPGS and SES each showed large, independent, positive effects on all three intelligence domains — a broader claim this one bears on