SMART® tutoring produced a statistically significant positive effect on first-graders' word identification after two years of intervention¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causalr?·q3·i2medium
Currency · newest study 2007 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i2 After two years of SMART® tutoring, low-performing first-grade students significantly outperformed comparison students on the WRMT-R word identification subtest (effect size 0.40). → What Works Clearinghouse 2007
Evidence¶
What Works Clearinghouse 2007¶
What Works Clearinghouse, U.S. Department of Education. (2007). What Works Clearinghouse Intervention Report: Start Making a Reader Today® (SMART®). https://www.getsmartoregon.org
q3 · i2 · causal · r?
A randomized controlled trial randomly assigned low-performing first-graders in 24 classrooms to intervention or comparison within classrooms; the WWC confirmed a statistically significant positive effect on word identification, with effect size 0.40 and improvement index +16 percentile points (Appendix A3.1).
"The Baker, Gersten, & Keating (2000) study reported a statistically significant positive effect of SMART® on the Woodcock Reading Mastery Tests–Revised (WRMT-R) word identification subtest. This result was confirmed by the WWC."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- SMART® tutoring produced statistically significant positive effects on oral reading fluency on both first- and second-grade passages — related
- SMART® effects on comprehension were not statistically significant on either subtest, though the domain-average effect size was substantively important — related
- After one year of SMART® intervention, only the fluency outcome was statistically significant, while alphabetics and comprehension effects were not — related
- Fast Track produced a positive, statistically significant effect on reading achievement/literacy after one year, significant on the Spache DRS but not on the Woodcock-Johnson Letter-Word Identification subtest — related
- Lower-performing students and first graders in 1:1 sessions benefited most from OnYourMark tutoring — related
- Reading Go! tutoring produced significantly positive decoding and word-reading outcomes for low-performing first graders compared to students who did not receive the program — related
- Enhanced Core Reading Instruction improves word-level reading outcomes for first graders compared to control (average effect size +0.24) — related
- Enhanced math instruction adapted to after-school settings produced modest but statistically significant math gains after one year, while enhanced reading instruction showed no differences — related
- Two years of multicomponent fluency intervention produced greater word-reading and fluency growth than one year or control, with no comprehension differences — related
- TRI shows an average effect size of +0.51 on Woodcock reading outcomes across two studies — related
- Scenario-based tutor lessons produced a significant pooled 7.4% learning gain, driven by three lessons with established construct validity while three newer lessons showed no significant gains — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
smart-significant-word-identification-effect |
title |
SMART® tutoring produced a statistically significant positive effect on first-graders' word identification after two years of intervention |
description |
SMART® tutoring produced a statistically significant positive effect on first-graders' word identification after two years of intervention |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2007 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-07 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — what-works-clearinghouse-2007 |
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