Summative examinations have a dual function: measuring achieved learning while also shaping and supporting learning through engagement with tasks¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · design r2 · q1
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q1 i? Summative assessment has a dual function: in addition to measuring the achieved level of learning, examinations should support conceptual consolidation, since students use past and expected examinations as central learning material. → Hartwig Grabowski 2026

Evidence¶

Hartwig Grabowski 2026¶

Hartwig Grabowski, Michael Canz. (2026). Hybrid E-Assessment in Higher Education: Semi-Automated Grading of Paper-Based Written Examinations. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.08855 doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.08855

q1 · i? · design · r2

Theoretical argument in the article's didactic-requirements section, citing Crooks, Biggs, Black & Wiliam, Entwistle & Entwistle, and Roediger & Karpicke: students use past and expected examinations as central learning material, so "examinations should support conceptual consolidation". The article offers this as an argument, not a tested result.

"This gives summative assessment a dual function. In addition to measuring the achieved level of learning, examinations should support conceptual consolidation."

Discussion¶

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