Task type and activity structure interact on recall: self-constructed maps help mainly when individually prepared and then discussed in pairs¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r2 · q3 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i3 The 3 × 4 ANOVA on recall detected a task × structure interaction (F(6, 223) = 2.71, p =.019, η² = 0.18); self-construction was especially useful in I+C and ceased to be more useful when students worked individually throughout. → Amante 2026

Evidence¶

Amante 2026¶

Amante, C., Lucero, M., & Montanero, M. (2026). Learning with concept maps: the effect of activity structure and the type of task. Instructional Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-025-09764-1

q3 · i3 · causal · r2

Omnibus interaction from the 12-condition ANOVA study ("F (6, 223) = 2.71, p =.019, η2 = 0.18"), reported in the Results section for the recall variable.

"the two-way ANOV A (3 × 4) detected an interaction between the type of task and the structure of the activity: F (6, 223) = 2.71, p =.019, η2 = 0.18."

Amante 2026 (2)¶

Amante, C., Lucero, M., & Montanero, M. (2026). Learning with concept maps: the effect of activity structure and the type of task. Instructional Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-025-09764-1

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Figure 1 pattern described in Results text: recall after self-construction was highest in I+C, and per the authors "this task ceases to be more useful than the others when the students work all the time individually".

"the self-construction of concept maps was especially useful for recalling information when the map was discussed collaboratively after it had been prepared individually (I + C)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Long-Term Memory — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Self-constructing a complete concept map produces better delayed recall than completing, sorting a map, or writing a summary, with the largest effect in the I+C structure — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)
• An individual-then-collaborative activity structure (I+C) yields better delayed recall than collaborative-then-individual (C+I) and fully individual (I) structures — related
• Constructive learning beats active and passive learning — a broader claim this one bears on
• Concept mapping improves learning over most comparison conditions by a moderate average amount, but not over time-matched retrieval practice — a broader claim this one bears on