TBL remains largely supplementary in pre-clinical medical education, with only a few institutions using it as the primary teaching method¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · review r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · recheck by 2031: baselines and conditions change

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Across included studies, TBL was mostly used in conjunction with other pedagogical approaches; only a few institutions, primarily in Australia, used it as a primary teaching method, and sessions averaged 3 hours. → Ahmad-Naik Danish 2026

Evidence¶

Ahmad-Naik Danish 2026¶

Ahmad-Naik Danish, Webb Alexandra, Namboothiri Vaishnavi Krishnan, Valter Krisztina. (2026). The practices and strategies for implementing team-based learning in pre-clinical medical education: a systematic review. BMC Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-08713-x

q2 · i? · review · r2

The review's synthesis of 37 studies reports that TBL is "largely supplementary" in pre-clinical programs, with most schools combining it with other pedagogies and typical session length averaging 3 hours.

"However, TBL remains largely supplementary, with only a few institutions (primarily in Australia) using it as a primary teaching method. Most studies use TBL in conjunction with other pedagogical approaches, and TBL sessions, when delivered, were reported to be, on average, 3 h in length"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Individual readiness assurance tests (i-RATs) in pre-clinical TBL are almost universally MCQ-based, mostly closed-book, typically 5 to 30 items lasting 10 to 30 minutes — related
• Pre-clinical TBL research is dominated by first-year, in-person implementations, with most studies using classical rather than modified TBL — related
• Student perceptions of pre-clinical TBL are generally favourable, but peer feedback is sometimes met with hesitation — related
• Reporting of the 4S framework in application design and of peer evaluation is limited: only 3 of 37 studies used 4S principles and about one-third reported peer evaluation — related