Typically developing children benefit from both handwriting and typing when learning novel words¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r? · q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · checked against its sources 2026-10-23 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Typically developing children benefited from both writing modalities during novel word learning. → Cerni 2025

Evidence¶

Cerni 2025¶

Cerni, Tania; Lonciari, Isabella; Job, Remo. (2025). Learning by writing: The influence of handwriting and typing on novel word learning in typically developing readers and readers with dyslexia. LEARNING AND INSTRUCTION. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2025.102119

q3 · i? · causal · r?

The Results section of the study reports that typically developing children benefited from both writing modalities during learning; no effect size or test statistic is printed in the available text.

"Results: TD children benefited from both writing modalities during learning."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Writing Skills — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Readers with developmental dyslexia show better spelling and nonword-image association performance when novel words are learned through typing rather than handwriting — related
• Accuracy in retrieving orthographic and semantic information is not significantly affected by time spent handwriting or typing during learning — related
• Performance differences based on transcription complexity index the extent to which children internalized lexical representations — related
• Test format and timing moderate note-taking effects: congruent note-taking and testing modalities improved performance, and transcribed notes won only at immediate test — related