Teachers systematically assign higher grades than all evaluated LLM grading models¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q2
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · recheck by 2028: tool and model accuracy changes quickly
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i? Teachers obtained the highest mean score (0.726, SD = 0.391) and highest median (1, 63.38% of cases) among all grading sources; no model approached this level. → Marcin Jukiewicz 2025
Evidence¶
Marcin Jukiewicz 2025¶
Marcin Jukiewicz. (2025). A systematic comparison of Large Language Models for automated assignment assessment in programming education: Exploring the importance of architecture and vendor. arXiv preprint. https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.26483 doi:10.48550/arxiv.2509.26483
q2 · i? · associational · r2
Descriptive comparison of human teachers' grades with all 18 models' grades on the same submissions. The study reports "Teachers obtained the highest mean score (0.726, SD = 0.391)", indicating models tended to be stricter, assigning lower scores more frequently while teachers rewarded higher grades more often.
"Teachers obtained the highest mean score (0.726, SD = 0.391) and the highest median score (1, occurring 3 854 times, 63.38% of all cases) among all grading sources."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Even the best LLM grader reaches only moderate agreement with human teachers, below the threshold for good reliability — related
- LLMs agree strongly with their own consensus grades (most ICC > 0.8), far more than with human teachers' grades — related
- In one reviewed study, GPT-4 automated essay scoring showed score inflation, with AI–human rating discrepancies exceeding 1.5 standard deviations in 38% of graduate-level bibliographies — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
teachers-grade-higher-than-all-llm-models |
title |
Teachers systematically assign higher grades than all evaluated LLM grading models |
description |
Teachers systematically assign higher grades than all evaluated LLM grading models |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2025 |
recheck_by |
2028 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-12 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — marcin-jukiewicz-2025 |
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