Auditory TMR cues replayed 1.3x faster than the preceding practice speed yield greater early-phase motor learning gains than same-speed cues¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? The TMRfast group showed significantly greater total learning gains than the TMRregular group during the early learning phase (p = 0.007); the printed statistic is a p-value, with no effect size for this contrast. → Kawasoe 2026

Evidence¶

Kawasoe 2026¶

Kawasoe, R., Matsumura, K., Shinohara, T., Arima, K., Takeo, Y., Ikeda, T. & Sugata, H. (2026). Wakeful targeted memory reactivation during short rest periods modulates early motor learning. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00407-9

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Post-hoc Bonferroni-corrected comparisons following a repeated-measures ANOVA in the randomized experiment, with 16 participants each in the TMRfast and TMRregular groups after exclusions. The early-phase advantage of the 1.3x-speed cue group reached significance ("p = 0.007").

"post-hoc comparisons demonstrated that, the TMRfast group showed significantly greater total learning gains than the TMRregular group during the early learning phase (p = 0.007, Fig. 3B and Table S 2)"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Learning phase and TMR cue condition interact in motor learning gains across the session — related
• Fast auditory TMR cues during rest strengthen alpha-band functional connectivity centered on the lateral orbitofrontal cortex relative to same-speed cues — related
• Random-pitch auditory cues show no early learning modulation, underscoring that TMR effects require cue-task congruency — related
• TMR effects on procedural motor memory emerge over weeks rather than at 24 hours — related
• Improvement in early motor sequence performance occurs primarily during short rest intervals (micro-offline learning), not during practice intervals — related