In toddlerhood, interference suppression correlates with expressive vocabulary after controlling for age, whereas response inhibition does not¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q2 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2021 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i3 The Fish task correlated with expressive vocabulary with age partialled out (r = 0.454, p < 0.003), while the Circle Drawing task's correlation did not remain significant after controlling for age (r = 0.246, p < 0.122). → Gandolfi 2021

Evidence¶

Gandolfi 2021¶

Gandolfi, E., Traverso, L., Zanobini, M., Usai, M. C., & Viterbori, P. (2021). The longitudinal relationship between early inhibitory control skills and emergent literacy in preschool children. Reading and Writing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-021-10131-y

q2 · i3 · associational · r2

Zero-order and age-partialled Pearson correlations among Time 1 measures in the final sample of 50 toddlers (28–36 months). The two inhibitory tasks correlated with each other (r = 0.382, p < 0.012; age-adjusted r = 0.335, p < 0.032), but only the Fish task retained a significant association with expressive vocabulary after age adjustment (r = 0.454).

"Only the interference suppression task (the Fish task) correlated with the expressive vocabulary measure (r = 0.478, p < 0.001).) when age was partialled out (r = 0.454, p < 0.003). Differently, the response inhibition task (the Circle Drawing task) correlated moderately with expressive vocabulary (r = 0.307, p < 0.048) and this association did not remain significant after controlling for age (r = 0.246, p < 0.122)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Vocabulary — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• Early expressive vocabulary predicts emergent literacy outcomes only until inhibitory control measures are added, after which it is no longer significant — related
• Early interference suppression, but not response inhibition, correlates with emergent literacy measures in both 4–5- and 5–6-year-old subsamples — related
• Inhibition relates to procedural skill in secondary-school children but to conceptual understanding in adults — related
• Interference suppression assessed at 28–36 months is the only significant predictor of early orthographic knowledge at 4–6 years in the full regression model — related
• Interference suppression, but not response inhibition, relates to academic achievement and schooling skills — related
• Inhibition shows moderate to large associations with reading comprehension in most studies, but the association depends on the inhibition task used — related