ToGRA subscale gains favored the treatment group on careers, enjoyment and leisure, with enjoyment showing the greatest change¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2013 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? On all three ToGRA subscales the control group declined while the treatment group rose; the enjoyment subscale showed the greatest mean change for both groups (post difference 0.35, p=0.003). → Richardson 2013

Evidence¶

Richardson 2013¶

Richardson, Ronald; Brouillette, Liane. (2013). Historic and Ethnic Music Found to Increase Geographic Understanding: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Journal for Learning through the Arts, 9(1). http://escholarship.org/uc/item/71g4x3cr

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Subscale analysis (Table 7) of attitudes toward geography-related careers, enjoyment, and leisure activities for 84 control and 131 treatment students. Enjoyment post difference was 0.35 (p=0.003); career post difference 0.16 was not significant (p=0.083).

"In all cases (including both the “total” ToGRA mean scores as well as the subscales), the control group went down whereas the treatment group scores went up. Comparisons of the change scores indicate statistically significant mean differences. The greatest mean change for both treatment and control groups was the “enjoyment” category."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Achievement Emotions — outcome: instruction changes it
• Interest — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Music workshop students developed more positive geography-related attitudes than controls (effect size=.569) — a broader claim this one bears on
• The treatment effect on attitudes held after controlling for demographic covariates, with GATE students gaining more on both measures — related
• Control-group students' attitudes towards geography declined significantly over the six weeks while experimental-group attitudes rose — related