Underuse of effective strategies may stem from false beliefs, lack of awareness, and the counter-intuitive nature of the strategies¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · review r? · q1
Currency · newest study 2022 · checked against its sources 2026-10-18 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q1 i? Learners' underuse of effective learning strategies could stem from false beliefs about learning, lack of awareness of effective strategies, or the strategies' counter-intuitive nature. → Carpenter 2022

Evidence¶

Carpenter 2022¶

Carpenter, S.K., Pan, S.C. & Butler, A.C. (2022). The science of effective learning with spacing and retrieval practice. Nature Reviews Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44159-022-00089-1

q1 · i? · review · r?

Authors' interpretive account offered as possible causes, hedged with "could stem from". The available text presents this as the review's framing of three candidate causes rather than as a tested result with data.

"The underuse of effective learning strategies by learners could stem from false beliefs about learning, lack of awareness of effective learning strategies or the counter-intuitive nature of these strategies."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Epistemic Beliefs — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• Self Assessment Accuracy Is Low Without Training — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it
• Learners underuse effective learning strategies such as spacing and retrieval practice — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)
• Students report awareness of feedback-acting strategies but experience difficulty carrying them out — related