Engagement modes were unevenly distributed across units, with some units rated Interactive and others entirely Passive¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · design r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The audit found an uneven distribution of ICAP modes across the eight units, with some units Interactive and some entirely Passive. → Pollard 2025

Evidence¶

Pollard 2025¶

Pollard, V., Armatas, C., & Pepe, A. (2025). Feedback is integral: Using a revised ICAP Framework to achieve active learning in an asynchronous online course. Online Learning, 29(3), 236-253. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v29i3.4555

q2 · i? · design · r2

Course-level audit of eight asynchronous online units. The authors report that "an uneven distribution of modes was found" across units, attributing this partly to the design template and partly to development time pressures.

"Additionally, an uneven distribution of modes was found, with some units rated as Interactive and some entirely Passive."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• The ICAP Framework was found effective for assessing potential for active learning in an asynchronous online environment and identifying where design improvements are needed — related
• Teachers had minimal success designing Constructive and Interactive activities after ICAP professional development — related
• Uniform AI integration across a classroom is likely to widen the gap between better- and less-prepared students — related
• Included AI literacy activities spanned all four ICAP modes, with passive modes in nine studies, active in five, constructive in seven, and interactive in eight — related
• Engagement mode is orthogonal to instructional task: any task can be engaged at any of the four modes — related
• The ICAP hypothesis predicts that learning increases as engagement moves from passive to active to constructive to interactive (I>C>A>P) — related
• Age groups differ in ICAP engagement distribution: younger adults engage more in active mode, older adults more in constructive and interactive modes, during collaborative concept-map learning — related
• Subject distribution is uneven, with E-commerce contributing five answers and Machine Learning 88 of 485 — related