In the scanned textbooks, statistics terms such as cluster and outlier are defined vaguely before any examples, and more formal criteria are never developed¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · qualitative r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Go Math! defines a cluster as "a set of closely grouped data" and an outlier as "a data point that is very different from the rest of the data in the set," before any examples, and formal criteria are never developed in the reviewed textbooks. → Chu 2022

Evidence¶

Chu 2022¶

Chu, H., Tran, T., & Hamburger, L. (2022). Redefining approaches for engaging English Learners with mathematical ideas. WestEd. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED625747

q2 · i? · qualitative · r2

Descriptive analysis of statistics definitions in the textbook scan. Go Math! defines cluster as "a set of closely grouped data" and outlier as "a data point that is very different from the rest of the data in the set" (p. 434), in advance of any examples. The brief reports no clear criteria are offered and none are later formalized.

"Although these definitions may be broad enough to invite students to initially investigate the ideas, they do not offer students clear criteria for deciding whether data are clustered or outliers, and more formal criteria are never developed in the textbooks reviewed for this brief."

Discussion¶

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