Claims

After studying the composition scale, normal-school students double-rated 32 seventh-grade compositions, each composition being rated by two students with the second rater rating a different set

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r? · q1
Currency · newest study 1918 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q1 i? Students who had studied the scale rated sets of 32 seventh-grade compositions, exchanged papers, and rated again, so that each composition was rated by two students whose marks were then compared for agreement. → Truman L. Kelley; Ernest C. Witham 1918

Evidence

Truman L. Kelley; Ernest C. Witham 1918

Truman L. Kelley; Ernest C. Witham. (1918). Communications and Discussions. The Journal of Educational Psychology. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Educational_Psychology

q1 · i? · associational · r?

A classroom double-rating exercise reported by Witham: after further study of the scale, students rated 32 seventh-grade compositions, exchanged sets, and rated again, so "each composition was rated by two students"; the two ratings were combined by whether marks were the same or differed by one or two steps.

"After a further study of the scale these same students were given a set of 32 seventh grade compositions to rate. Each student had two compositions."

Discussion

Page metadata
Field Value
type claim
id witham-double-rating-32-compositions
title After studying the composition scale, normal-school students double-rated 32 seventh-grade compositions, each composition being rated by two students with the second rater rating a different set
description After studying the composition scale, normal-school students double-rated 32 seventh-grade compositions, each composition being rated by two students with the second rater rating a different set
status review
evidence_strength weak
newest_evidence 1918
generated by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-24
trust unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
sources 1 — truman-l-kelley-ernest-c-witham-1918

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