Within-family fixed-effects analysis estimates the learning-loss gap between educational backgrounds at 60%¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2021 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · recheck by 2026: baselines and conditions change

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Adjusting for time-invariant confounding at the school and family level, social inequalities in learning loss grow, with the largest gap between educational backgrounds found in the within-family analysis, estimated at 60%. → Engzell P. 2021

Evidence¶

Engzell P. 2021¶

Engzell P., Frey A., Verhagen M. D. (2021). Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022376118

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Robustness analysis addressing loss to follow-up using fixed-effects models comparing students within the same schools and families. The article reports that "the largest gap in effect sizes between educational backgrounds is found in our within-family analysis, estimated at 60%".

"The largest gap in effect sizes between educational backgrounds is found in our within-family analysis, estimated at 60% (parental education: high, −3.25; low, −4.67; lowest, −5.20)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Children from low-SES families were more negatively affected by COVID-19 school closures than children from high-SES families — related
• Socio-economic inequality in learning increased during the pandemic for most estimates, across subjects, grades and pandemic stages — a broader claim this one bears on
• Children from low-SES families were more negatively affected by COVID-19 school closures than children from high-SES families — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)