Cluster-specific engagement and personalization strategies for the six learner profiles¶

Strategy · All strategies
Evidence · no claims cited

Description¶

The article proposes a rule-based decision mechanism that, once a learner is assigned to a behavioral cluster, tailors engagement strategy and personalization style to that cluster's characteristics. Table 10 pairs each cluster with a strategy, for example C1 (At-Risk Learners) receives "Increase scaffolding and reduce cognitive load" with simplified structured content and step-by-step support, while C0 receives challenging problem-solving tasks to sustain self-regulation. Learning objects are classified by content nature, cognitive demand, interactivity, and instructional objective to match content to the learner's performance and cognitive-behavioral state.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• Validated cluster assignment for the learner; a learning object catalog classified by content nature, cognitive demand, interactivity, and instructional objective

Constraints¶

• The cluster-based recommendations in Table 9 are illustrative examples derived from pedagogical literature; actual recommendations would depend on the specific learning object catalog available in the target LMS

Target Learners¶

• higher education students in the six behavioral clusters (C0–C5)

Target Learning Goals¶

• matching learning objects and engagement strategies to learner engagement, motivation, and performance profiles

Affordances¶

• Behavioral Clustering Recommendation Framework

Related Strategies¶

• Provide differentiated scaffolding matched to teachers' behavioral-cognitive profiles when supporting multi-agent AI workflow design
• Match students' gender with their learning companions in adaptive learning programs to promote engagement and prevent disengagement

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

• Najem, K., Zaoui Seghroucheni, Y., & Ziti, S. (2026). Behavioral clustering for adaptive learning object recommendation in higher education using learning analytics for personalized student success. Discover Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-02181-7