Plan dual language program resources: personnel, facilities, and partner-language materials¶

Strategy · All strategies
Evidence · no claims cited

Description¶

The report advises educators planning dual language programs to budget for three resource categories: personnel (additional administrative and instructional staff, training, and teacher time for translating English materials into the partner language), classroom facilities delivered during regular class time, and curricular and instructional materials in the partner language such as textbooks and assessments. Costs vary: Steele et al. (2018) report about 2% to 4% of per-pupil spending annually, while other studies estimated 7% to 12%.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• School districts or schools cover costs for additional staff and provide training and professional development.
• School districts or schools usually purchase materials, textbooks, and assessments in the partner language and English, as necessary.

Constraints¶

• The costs of curricular and instructional materials in the partner language can vary widely, and cost estimates range from about 2% to 4% to 7% to 12% of per-pupil spending across studies.

Target Learners¶

• students in dual language programs in grades PK-12

Target Learning Goals¶

• sustained bilingual instruction across multiple school years

Claims¶

Related Strategies¶

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

• What Works Clearinghouse, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. (2023, December). Dual language programs. https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/InterventionReport/726