3D + PBL improves theoretical scores in orthopedic education¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesisr3·q2·i3large
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i3 3D + PBL teaching resulted in higher theoretical scores compared to LBL teaching (SMD = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.14–2.10, P < 0.00001). → Li Ting 2025
Evidence¶
Li Ting 2025¶
Li Ting, Hu Yidan, Song Ruohong, Liu Hangyu, Gao Xin, Wang Fei, Xiao Chengwei, Liu Xilin. (2025). Unveiling the ultimate advantage: a meta-analysis of 3D visualization and problem-based learning in orthopedic education. BMC Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-06654-5
q2 · i3 · quant-synthesis · r3
Meta-analysis of twelve RCTs (N = 751) with a random-effects model found "3D + PBL teaching resulted in higher theoretical scores compared to LBL teaching". GRADE certainty was very low; significant heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 88%).
"The analysis revealed that 3D + PBL teaching resulted in higher theoretical scores compared to LBL teaching (SMD = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.14–2.10, P < 0.00001; see Fig. 3)."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- 3D + PBL improves communication ability in orthopedic education — related
- 3D + PBL improves passing rate of exams in orthopedic education — related
- 3D + PBL improves excellent theoretical grades in orthopedic education — related
- 3D + PBL improves operational scores in orthopedic education — related
- 3D + PBL improves orthopedic skills in orthopedic education — related
- 3D + PBL improves overall satisfaction in orthopedic education — related
- 3D + PBL improves problem-solving abilities in orthopedic education — related
- 3D + PBL improves self-learning ability in orthopedic education — related
- 3D + PBL improves learning motivation in orthopedic education — related
- 3D + PBL improves understanding of orthopedic anatomical structures — related
- 3D + PBL improves teaching satisfaction in orthopedic education — related
- In the RCT, PBL students obtained significantly better final exam grades than LBL students, but the meta-analysis found no significant final-exam difference — related
- PBL shows no benefits for hands-on, communication, or self-directed learning skills and no advantage in operational skills for diagnostic imaging — related
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