ACE scores show a graded positive association with internalizing behavior trajectories from age 3 to 14¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr3·q3
Currency · newest study 2021 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
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q3 i? Children with more ACEs showed higher internalizing scores at age 3, with adjusted coefficients of 0.057 (1 ACE), 0.108 (2 ACEs), and 0.202 (3+ ACEs), and differences persisted through age 14. → Leonardo Bevilacqua 2021
Evidence¶
Leonardo Bevilacqua 2021¶
Leonardo Bevilacqua, Yvonne Kelly, Anja Heilmann, Naomi Priest, Rebecca E. Lacey. (2021). Adverse childhood experiences and trajectories of internalizing, externalizing, and prosocial behaviors from childhood to adolescence. Child Abuse & Neglect 112 (2021) 104890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104890
q3 · i? · associational · r3
Linear mixed effects models on 8,571 MCS children tested ACE scores against log-transformed SDQ internalizing trajectories across five waves (ages 3-14), adjusted for gender, ethnicity, and poverty. The article reports "a graded positive association between the number of ACEs and the number of internalizing symptoms reported at age 3" that "remained through to age 14".
"ACE scores showed a graded association with internalizing (ACE score of 1: β= 0.057; ACE score of 2: β= 0.108; ACE score of 3: β= 0.202)"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- ACE scores show a graded positive association with externalizing behavior trajectories, the strongest of the three outcomes
- ACE scores show a graded negative association with prosocial behavior trajectories from age 3 to 14
- Latent class analysis failed to discriminate ACE clusters in the Millennium Cohort Study data
- ACE-outcome associations did not differ between girls and boys
- Parental discord and parental depression show the strongest individual-ACE associations with internalizing behavior
- Harsh parenting and physical punishment show the strongest individual-ACE associations with externalizing behavior — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
ace-score-graded-internalizing-trajectories |
title |
ACE scores show a graded positive association with internalizing behavior trajectories from age 3 to 14 |
description |
ACE scores show a graded positive association with internalizing behavior trajectories from age 3 to 14 |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2021 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-16 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — leonardo-bevilacqua-2021 |
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