Optimal behaviour is more frequent after wins than after losses, but the after-win advantage is absent in the Post phase and under high reinforcement¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? In Experiment 1, after-win OBR was significantly higher than after-loss OBR in Pre and During phases but not in Post. → Zhang 2026 q3 i? Across experiments, OBR proportions tended to be higher after wins than losses, though the after-win advantage was not present under high reinforcement (75%, 88%). → Zhang 2026 (2)

Evidence¶

Zhang 2026¶

Zhang, Y., & Dyson, B. J. (2026). Recover or discover: How outcome feedback shapes response patterns within game spaces. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00414-w

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Phase x Outcome interaction in Experiment 1's three-way repeated measures ANOVA (n = 76): after-win OBR exceeded after-loss OBR in Pre and During but not Post, per Tukey's HSD; no effect size printed.

"after-win OBR was significantly higher than after-loss OBR in Pre (69.19% vs. 62.62%) and During (61.61% vs. 53.20%), but not in the Post phase (67.87% vs. 64.75%; Tukey's HSD; p > .05)."

Zhang 2026 (2)¶

Zhang, Y., & Dyson, B. J. (2026). Recover or discover: How outcome feedback shapes response patterns within game spaces. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00414-w

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Experiment 3 (44% condition, n = 70 analysed) replicated the outcome main effect: OBR was higher after wins (66.62%) than losses (63.34%); descriptive means only, no effect size printed.

"As in Experiments 1 (50%) and 2 (25%), OBR was higher after wins (66.62%) relative to losses (63.34%)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Fixing the win rate in the During phase reduces optimal behaviour rates, indicating suppression of the previously learned pattern — related
• High reinforcement (75%, 88% fixed win rate) maintains a relearning-old advantage in Post phase win rates and OBR — related
• Relearning an old response pattern generally beats learning a new one in the Post phase, except under severe 25% punishment — related
• Suppression of the Pre response pattern between Pre and During phases positively predicts Post phase win rates when learning a new pattern, mainly after wins — related