Older adults were slower than young adults overall on solution times, with no age difference in accuracy¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r1–r2 · q3 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2018 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i3 Older adults' solution times (872 ms) were slower than younger adults' (771 ms), while accuracy did not differ between age groups. → Thevenot 2018 q3 i? The effect of Age on accuracy rates was not significant and did not interact with any variable. → Thevenot 2018 (2)

Evidence¶

Thevenot 2018¶

Thevenot, C., Dewi, J., Bagnoud, J., Wolfer, P., Fayol, M., & Castel, C. (2018). The use of automated procedures by older adults with high arithmetic skills during addition problem solving. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED

q3 · i3 · causal · r2

ANOVA on solution times in the sign priming experiment with matched high-skill samples (18 older, 26 young). "older adults were slower (872 ms) than younger ones (771 ms)", ηp2 = .18, with no Operation × Age interaction.

"There was an effect of Age, F(1, 42) = 8.99, MSE = 2202948.56, ηp2 = .18, p < .01, showing that older adults were slower (872 ms) than younger ones (771 ms)"

Thevenot 2018 (2)¶

Thevenot, C., Dewi, J., Bagnoud, J., Wolfer, P., Fayol, M., & Castel, C. (2018). The use of automated procedures by older adults with high arithmetic skills during addition problem solving. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED

q3 · i? · causal · r1

Accuracy ANOVA (mean .97 correct) in the same experiment: the Age effect on correct-response rates was not significant and did not interact with any variable; no effect size was printed.

"No other effect reached significant. Noticeably, the effect of Age was not significant and did not interact with any of the variables."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Older adults' slowdown relative to young adults is far smaller for problems interpreted as procedurally solved than for retrieval-solved problems — related
• Problem type modulated solution times, with large problems slowest and +1 problems fastest in both age groups — related
• Presenting the '+' sign 150 ms before operands speeds up addition problem solving in expert older adults, replicating the effect found in young adults — related
• Older adults can think as divergently as young adults but do so at a slower rate and require more time — related
• Bayesian analyses strongly support sign priming for small addition problems in older adults but only anecdotal support for +1 problems — related