Adults with dyslexia use pre-cues to enhance discrimination accuracy, with pre-cued performance exceeding both post-cued and uncued conditions¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r1–r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2011 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? For the AwD group, discrimination accuracy in pre-cued conditions was greater than in both post-cued and uncued conditions. → Moores 2011 q2 i? For controls, performance differed significantly between pre-cued and uncued conditions only. → Moores 2011 (2)

Evidence¶

Moores 2011¶

Moores, E., Cassim, R. and Talcott, J.B. (2011). Adults with dyslexia exhibit large effects of crowding, increased dependence on cues, and detrimental effects of distractors in visual search tasks. Frontiers in Psychology. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.10.005

q2 · i? · causal · r1

Three-factor ANOVA and pairwise cue comparisons for the AwD group in the attention orientation analysis (set size eight crowded vs sixteen displays). Pre-cued accuracy exceeded both post-cued (p<.001) and uncued (p<.001) conditions; post-cued vs uncued was not significant (p=.076).

"Pair-wise comparisons for the cue type measure indicated significant differences between pre-cued and post-cued (p<.001) and between pre-cued and uncued (p<.001) conditions. The difference between post-cued and uncued conditions was not significant statistically (p=.076)."

Moores 2011 (2)¶

Moores, E., Cassim, R. and Talcott, J.B. (2011). Adults with dyslexia exhibit large effects of crowding, increased dependence on cues, and detrimental effects of distractors in visual search tasks. Frontiers in Psychology. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.10.005

q2 · i? · causal · r2

Pairwise cue comparisons for the control group in the same attention orientation analysis. Only the pre-cued vs uncued contrast reached significance (p<.01); pre-cued vs post-cued and post-cued vs uncued did not differ significantly.

"Pair-wise comparisons for cue type indicated significant differences between the pre-cued and uncued (p<.01) conditions only."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Crowding effects, pre-cue dependence and set size effects each correlate significantly with reading and spelling measures — related
• Adults with dyslexia show disproportionately reduced discrimination accuracy in crowded displays compared to controls — related
• AwD required significantly longer calibrated display durations than controls despite attempts to equate overall accuracy — related
• The four-way interaction between cue, group, display type and difficulty was significant, with group differences largest for uncued crowded stimuli — related
• Pre-cues and post-cues eliminate set size effects for controls but not for adults with dyslexia — related
• AwD showed significant set size effects in uncued conditions alongside difficulty effects, unlike controls — related