Claims

ChatGPT-assisted students reported substantially lower ownership of their submitted code across self-attributed ownership, psychological ownership, and authorship attribution

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r2 · q3 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q3 i3 AI-Assisted students self-attributed a lower percentage of the submitted code as their own (M=44.6 vs M=80.8, Hedges' g = 1.05). → Bergh 2026 q3 i3 AI-Assisted students scored lower on the Psychological Ownership Scale (M=2.92 vs M=4.30, Hedges' g = 1.11). → Bergh 2026 (2)

Evidence

Bergh 2026

Bergh, C., Tag, B., Vassar, A., & Renzella, J. (2026). Your Programming Students'Cognition with ChatGPT: Higher Performance, Lower Retention, and Reduced Ownership. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.21194 doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.21194

q3 · i3 · causal · r2

Post-task 100-point slider measure (adapted from Kosmyna et al.) of the percentage of submitted answers considered the participant's own, compared with Welch's t-test. The AI-Assisted condition was lower, with a large printed effect size Hedges' g = 1.05, surviving Holm correction.

"Self-attributed ownership (SAO), the percentage of submitted code that the participants considered their own, was lower in the AI- Assisted condition (𝑀= 44.6) than the No AI condition (𝑀= 80.8), 𝑡(50.5)=4.03,𝑝<.001,𝑝 Holm <.001,𝑔=1.05"

Bergh 2026 (2)

Bergh, C., Tag, B., Vassar, A., & Renzella, J. (2026). Your Programming Students'Cognition with ChatGPT: Higher Performance, Lower Retention, and Reduced Ownership. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.21194. doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.21194

q3 · i3 · causal · r2

Four-item Psychological Ownership Scale (Cronbach's alpha = 0.94) with the target adapted to the submitted code, compared with Welch's t-test. The AI-Assisted condition scored lower, with a large printed effect size Hedges' g = 1.11, surviving Holm correction.

"The final measure, Psychological Ownership Scale (POS), scores were also lower for the AI-Assisted condition (𝑀= 2.92) than the No AI condition (𝑀= 4.30),𝑡( 45.5)= 4.28,𝑝<. 001𝑝Holm <. 001, 𝑔=1.11)"

Discussion

Page metadata
Field Value
type claim
id chatgpt-lower-code-ownership
title ChatGPT-assisted students reported substantially lower ownership of their submitted code across self-attributed ownership, psychological ownership, and authorship attribution
description ChatGPT-assisted students reported substantially lower ownership of their submitted code across self-attributed ownership, psychological ownership, and authorship attribution
status review
evidence_strength moderate
newest_evidence 2026
generated by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-10
trust unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
sources 2 — bergh-2026, bergh-2026-2

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