CIRC showed a statistically significant positive effect on CAT Language Expression but not CAT Language Mechanics in Stevens and Slavin (1995), and no significant effect on the Bass Academic Skills Sample Reading Proficiency subtest in Jewell (1994)¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2010 · checked against its sources 2026-10-19 (automated, 2 of 2 entries) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? In Stevens and Slavin (1995), CIRC produced a statistically significant positive effect on the CAT Language Expression subtest but not on the CAT Language Mechanics subtest. → Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition® 2010 q2 i? In Jewell (1994), effects on the Reading Proficiency subtest of the Bass Academic Skills Sample were not statistically significant and not large enough to be substantively important per WWC criteria. → Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition® 2010 (2)

Evidence¶

Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition® 2010¶

Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition®. (2010). WWC Intervention Report, Adolescent Literacy. What Works Clearinghouse, U.S. Department of Education. https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/InterventionReport/111

q2 · i? · causal · r2

WWC findings section reporting the Stevens and Slavin (1995) general literacy results from the quasi-experiment in five Maryland elementary schools; significance differs from the original study because the WWC applied a multiple-comparisons correction.

"Stevens and Slavin (1995) reported, and the WWC confirmed, a statistically significant positive effect of Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition ® on the Language Expression subtest of the CAT for students in grades 2 through 6 but did not find statistically significant effects on the CAT Language Mechanics subtest."

Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition® 2010 (2)¶

Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition®. (2010). WWC Intervention Report, Adolescent Literacy. What Works Clearinghouse, U.S. Department of Education. https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/InterventionReport/111

q2 · i? · quant-synthesis · r1

WWC review of the Jewell (1994) quasi-experiment reporting a non-significant effect on the Bass Academic Skills Sample Reading Proficiency subtest; the effect was not statistically significant and, by WWC calculations, not large enough to be substantively important, which does not show it was zero. No effect size is printed, so impact is coded i?.

"Jewell (1994) did not find statistically significant effects of Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition ® on the Reading Proficiency sub-test of the Bass Academic Skills Sample for students in grades 2 through 6. According to WWC calculations, the effect was not large enough to be considered substantively important accord-ing to WWC criteria."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Academic and Critical Literacy — outcome: instruction changes it
• Communication Skills — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Stevens and Slavin (1995) found statistically significant positive effects of CIRC on CAT Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary subtests, while Jewell (1994) found no statistically significant effects — related