Age differences on composing tasks (Picture Description, Sentence Retell) were not significant, unlike letter, name, and spelling tasks¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r1 · q3
Currency · newest study 2011 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Differences between age groups on Picture Description and Sentence Retell were not significant, whereas letter writing increased significantly at each age step. → Puranik 2011

Evidence¶

Puranik 2011¶

Puranik, Cynthia S., Lonigan, Christopher J. (2011). From Scribbles to Scrabble: Preschool Children's Developing Knowledge of Written Language. Reading and Writing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-009-9220-8

q3 · i? · associational · r1

ANOVA results for the composing tasks in the 372-child sample: Table 2 reports F(2,369) = 1.05 for Picture Description (non-significant) and F(2,369) = 4.70 for Sentence Retell (p < .01, only 3 < 5). The article states composing differences between age groups "were not significant," implying some skills are later developing.

"Differences between each age-group were significant for most tasks (e.g., Write Letters, Write Name, Write CVC Words) whereas differences between each age-group for some tasks (e.g., Picture Description, Sentence Retell) were not significant."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Age and Developmental Stage — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• Older preschoolers outperformed younger preschoolers on most writing measures but not on the generative composing tasks — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)
• Preschoolers' writing and writing-related skills increase significantly between ages 3 and 5 on letter, name, and CVC word tasks — related
• Children's writing proficiency is task dependent: children use more advanced features on easier tasks and regress to basic features on harder tasks — related
• Writing features develop sequentially: universal features (linearity, segmentation, simple units) are acquired before language-specific features — related