A consonants-in-noise model derived in 4-year-olds generalizes to predict rapid naming and sentence memory in preschoolers, though not sentence memory in 3-year-olds¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 2 studies · 2 associational r2 · q3 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2015 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2018: tool and model accuracy changes quickly

Subclaims¶

q3 i3 Across 57 preschoolers, predicted consonants-in-noise scores correlated with faster rapid automatized naming (r[55] = -0.550) and better memory for spoken sentences (r[55] = 0.516). → White-Schwoch T 2015 q3 i3 In the 3-y-olds the model predicted rapid naming (r[18] = -0.692, p = .001) but did not predict memory for spoken sentences (r[18] = 0.034, p = 0.888). → White-Schwoch T 2015 (2)

Evidence¶

White-Schwoch T 2015¶

White-Schwoch T, Woodruff Carr K, Thompson EC, Anderson S, Nicol T, Bradlow AR, et al. (2015) Auditory Processing in Noise: A Preschool Biomarker for Literacy. PLoS Biol 13(7): e1002196. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002196

q3 · i3 · associational · r2

Experiment 2 applied the Experiment 1 regression weights, without refitting, to 20 3-y-olds combined with the 37 4-y-olds. The printed effect size r = -0.550 (reported as r[55] = -0.550, p < .001) for faster naming and r = 0.516 (r[55] = 0.516, p < .001) for sentence memory are large correlations.

"Neural coding of consonants in noise predicted performance on a test of rapid automatized naming, an additional key preliteracy skill that is thought to be highly predictive of future reading success across languages [34,35] (higher predicted scores correlated with faster naming;r[55] = -0.550, p < .001)"

White-Schwoch T 2015 (2)¶

White-Schwoch T, Woodruff Carr K, Thompson EC, Anderson S, Nicol T, Bradlow AR, et al. (2015) Auditory Processing in Noise: A Preschool Biomarker for Literacy. PLoS Biol 13(7): e1002196. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002196

q3 · i3 · associational · r2

Age-split analysis in Experiment 2: in the 20 3-y-olds the model predicted rapid naming with printed effect size r = -0.692 (reported as r[18] = -0.692, p = .001) but not sentence memory (r[18] = 0.034, p = 0.888); in 4-y-olds sentence memory was predicted (r[35] = 0.555) and naming trended (r[35] = -0.301, p = .070).

"Crucially, in the 3-y-olds the model predicted rapid naming ( r[18] = -0.692, p = .001), meaning that applying the model derived in Experiment 1 generalizes both to a new cohort and a new preliteracy skill; however, it did not predict 3-y-old 's memory for spoken sentences ( r[18] = 0.034, p = 0.888)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• The consonants-in-noise model predicts concurrent reading in school-aged children and reliably classifies externally diagnosed learning disability, being most effective at clearing children as unlikely to have an LD — related
• Preschool neurophysiological assessment predicts performance on phonological processing, rapid naming, sentence memory, sight word reading, spelling, and composite reading one year later — related
• Neural coding of consonants in noise strongly predicts phonological processing in 4-year-old pre-readers over and above demographic factors — related