Reading deficits are uniquely associated with phoneme awareness and naming speed, whereas math deficits are uniquely associated with set shifting¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2013 · checked against its sources 2026-10-18 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? After controlling for shared weaknesses, phoneme awareness and naming speed independently predicted reading but not math, and set shifting independently predicted math but not reading. → Willcutt 2013
Evidence¶
Willcutt 2013¶
Willcutt, E. G., Petrill, S. A., Wu, S., Boada, R., DeFries, J. C., Olson, R. K., & Pennington, B. F. (2013). Comorbidity between reading disability and math disability: Concurrent psychopathology, functional impairment, and neuropsychological functioning. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 46(6), 500-516. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219413477476
q3 · i? · associational · r2
The same multiple regression analyses testing all ten constructs simultaneously found "reading difficulties were uniquely associated with phoneme awareness and naming speed, and math deficits were independently associated with difficulty shifting cognitive set."
"reading difficulties were uniquely associated with phoneme awareness and naming speed, and math deficits were independently associated with difficulty shifting cognitive set."
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Learning Disabilities and Developmental Differences — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
- Phonological Awareness — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
- Processing Speed — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
Related Claims¶
- Working memory, processing speed, and verbal comprehension weaknesses are shared across reading and math deficits — related
- The comorbid RD+MD group is more impaired than groups with RD only or MD only on seven of ten neuropsychological composites — related
- Working memory and processing speed, but not inhibition or non-alphanumeric naming speed, uniquely predict both word reading and reading comprehension in children ages 8 to 16 — related
- Visuo-spatial working memory and inhibition jointly predict mathematics performance in 9–10-year-old children — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
disorder-specific-phoneme-naming-set-shifting |
title |
Reading deficits are uniquely associated with phoneme awareness and naming speed, whereas math deficits are uniquely associated with set shifting |
description |
Reading deficits are uniquely associated with phoneme awareness and naming speed, whereas math deficits are uniquely associated with set shifting |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2013 |
source_checked |
2026-10-18 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — willcutt-2013 |
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