Children with developmental dyslexia show a significant updating impairment at the error z-mean composite level, which remains after controlling for processing speed¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 2 studies · 2 associational r2 · q3 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2018 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i3 Dyslexia is associated with a significantly higher updating z-mean error composite score than controls (Cohen's d = 0.86). → Doyle C 2018 q3 i? The updating z-mean error composite difference remains significant after controlling for processing speed (no effect size printed for the controlled analysis). → Doyle C 2018 (2)

Evidence¶

Doyle C 2018¶

Doyle C, Smeaton AF, Roche RAP and Boran L (2018) Inhibition and Updating, but Not Switching, Predict Developmental Dyslexia and Individual Variation in Reading Ability. Front. Psychol. 9:795. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00795

q3 · i3 · associational · r2

Case-control ANOVA in the same 27 dyslexia vs 29 control sample on updating z-mean error composites from Letter, Picture and Phoneme 2-back tasks. Dyslexia showed "a significantly higher updating z-mean error score" with Cohen's d = 0.86.

"At the composite level, dyslexia is characterized by a significantly higher updating z-mean error score than control participants [ F(1, 54) = 19.14, p = 0.004, Cohen'sd = 0.86, Figure 3]."

Doyle C 2018 (2)¶

Doyle C, Smeaton AF, Roche RAP and Boran L (2018) Inhibition and Updating, but Not Switching, Predict Developmental Dyslexia and Individual Variation in Reading Ability. Front. Psychol. 9:795. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00795

q3 · i? · associational · r2

ANCOVA controlling for processing speed in the same sample. The updating error composite difference remained significant, F(1, 53) = 5.68, p = 0.021, as did the Letter 2-back error difference, F(1, 53) = 15.41, p = 0.000; no effect size is printed for this analysis.

"After controlling for individual variation in processing spe ed, significant differences for the updating z-mean error composite score [ F(1, 53) = 5.68, p = 0.021] and errors during the Letter 2-back task [ F(1, 53) = 15.41, p = 0.000] remained."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Children with developmental dyslexia show a significant inhibition impairment at the error z-mean composite level, which remains after controlling for processing speed
• Children with developmental dyslexia show a processing speed impairment relative to controls
• An apparent switching advantage in dyslexia (lower switching reaction-time cost) disappears after controlling for processing speed
• Task-level executive function differences in dyslexia on the Phoneme Go No-Go and Picture 2-back tasks are no longer significant after controlling for processing speed