Across the four graduating classes, the percentage of graduated boys entering 'Early' declined (44, 43, 40, 29 per cent) while the percentage of girls rose (12, 48, 53, 53 per cent)¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 1917 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Early entrance among graduated boys decreased over the four years while early entrance among girls showed the reverse trend, yielding a combined increase. → Cummins 1917

Evidence¶

Cummins 1917¶

Cummins, R. A. (1917). 'Bright' and 'Slow' Pupils in Elementary and High School. The Journal of Educational Psychology. https://psycnet.apa.org

q2 · i? · associational · r1

Descriptive percentages from the four graduating classes (1913-14 to 1916-17). Boys' early-entrance percentages fell from 44 to 29 while girls' rose from 12 to 53; the author notes the girls' increase "exceeds the decrease" for boys, so the combined percentage rose. No test is printed.

"The records for the four years show a gradually decreasing per cent of graduated boys who entered "Early." The figures for the four years are 44, 43, 40 and 29 per cent. Just the reverse is true in the case of the girls, the per cents being 12,48, 53 and 53 for the fouryears, respectively."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Gender — predictor: outcomes differ by group: a gap reflecting circumstances and treatment, not a cause

Related Claims¶

• At the Ethical Culture School, expected graduation rates differed by entrance timing and sex: early-entering boys and girls graduated at higher rates than late-entering boys and girls — related