Efficiency scores showed no overall condition difference in the replication, though children in the demonstration condition were less efficient than children in the swing and verbal conditions¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r3 · q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Overall efficiency did not differ significantly across the four conditions; the demonstration versus swing-and-verbal contrast was significant. → Smit 2025

Evidence¶

Smit 2025¶

Smit, N., de Kleijn, R., Wicherts, J. M., & van de Pol, J. (2025). What it takes to tutor—A preregistered direct replication of the scaffolding experimental study by D. Wood et al. (1978). Journal of Educational Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000965

q3 · i? · causal · r3

Preregistered ANOVA and planned contrasts on efficiency (outcome divided by activity) in the randomized replication; the omnibus test was nonsignificant (p = .162, BF = 6.77), but the article reports the demonstration versus swing-and-verbal contrast as significant, t(281) = 2.22, p = .027.

"Efficiency scores showed no overall mean difference between conditions, F(3, 281) = 1.73, p = .162. The Bayes factor (BF= 6.77) highlighted substantial evidence in favor of the null hypothesis. The planned contrast of contingent versus other conditions was nonsignificant, t(281)=− 0.45, p = .656, while the contrast comparing demonstration versus the swing and verbal conditions was significant, t(281)= 2.22, p = .027"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Children's activity scores did not significantly differ between instructional conditions in the replication, failing to replicate the higher activity of contingently taught children in 1978 — related
• In the replication, children's posttest outcome scores did not significantly differ across the four instructional conditions, failing to replicate the contingent-instruction advantage of D. Wood et al. (1978) — related
• Posttest performance of the replication's contingent condition was far below the original study's contingent condition, a large unregistered difference not seen for the three control conditions — related