E‐learning produces a pooled normalized knowledge gain of 26.8% in undergraduate ENT education, classified as low gain¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesis r3 · q3
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Meta‐analysis of 13 studies showed a pooled normalized gain in knowledge of 26.8% (95% CI 23.7%–30.0%), which the review classifies as low gain. → Mughal Z 2026

Evidence¶

Mughal Z 2026¶

Mughal Z, Gupta KK, di Traglia R, Fruhstorfer B. (2026). Effectiveness of E‐Learning in Undergraduate ENT Education: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review. The Laryngoscope. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.70164

q3 · i? · quant-synthesis · r3

Meta‐analysis of proportions using normalized gain across 13 studies of e‐learning in undergraduate ENT education, after leave‐one‐out exclusion of an influential outlier. The review reports "the pooled normalized gain to 26.8% (23.7%–30.0%)" with residual heterogeneity eliminated (I² = 0%).

"Excluding this study increased the pooled normalized gain to 26.8% (23.7%–30.0%), and reduced the heterogeneity (I 2 = 0%, 95% C.I. 0%–68.4%; Q = 10.6, p = 0.6; τ 2 = 0, 95% C.I. 0–0.01)."

Discussion¶

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