Among students, longer AI-use experience is monotonically associated with higher perceived usefulness (Spearman's r = 0.327), though self-selection may explain part of the pattern¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q2 · i2 medium
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i2 Among students, mean perceived usefulness rose monotonically from 2.78 among non-users to 4.06 among those with more than two years of experience; Spearman's rank correlation was r = 0.327. → Braun 2026

Evidence¶

Braun 2026¶

Braun, Y. S., & Khafizov, S. M. (2026). The AI Adaptation Gap in Higher Education: Students, Faculty, and Administrative Staff: AI Use, Trust, and Institutional Policy at a University Specializing in Teacher Education. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.25063 doi:10.48550/arxiv.2608.25063

q2 · i2 · associational · r2

Descriptive monotonic trend analysis across student experience categories (n = 1454) found "Spearman's rank correlation was r = 0.327" with perceived usefulness rising from 2.78 among non-users to 4.06 among users with more than two years of experience.

"The mean increased from 2.78 among non-users (n = 214) to 3.51 among those with less than six months of experience ( n = 375), 3.81 among those with six to twelve months ( n = 328), 3.83 among those with one to two years ( n = 367), and 4.06 among those with more than two years ( n = 170). Spearman's rank correlation was r = 0.327, p < 0.001, n = 1454."

Discussion¶

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