Only a small minority of Haitians are truly French/Creole bilingual, making French effectively a foreign language for most students¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2018 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2023: baselines and conditions change

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Only seven percent of Haitians are truly French/Creole bilingual, as the review reports citing Gibson (2011), so French functions as a foreign language for the vast majority of learners. → Behrmann 2018

Evidence¶

Behrmann 2018¶

Behrmann, T. (2018). Evaluating the effects of mother tongue on math and science instruction. I. Sahin & T. Shelley (Eds.). Monument, CO, USA: ISTES Organization. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED623098

q2 · i? · causal · r2

Descriptive statistic quoted in the Statement of the Problem, attributed to Gibson (2011). The author uses it to define French as a foreign language for the purposes of the research; no effect size or test is reported.

""While Haiti is consider ed a bilingual country with French and Creole being the two official languages, researchers have found that only seven percent of Haitians are truly French/Creole bilingual" (Gibson, 2011, p. 19)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Only about seven percent of Haitians are truly French/Creole bilingual, making French a foreign medium of instruction for most students — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)
• In the ToTAL trial, instruction in the mother tongue of Haitian Creole was associated with gains in French on skills that were not explicitly taught. — related
• The ToTAL intervention in Haiti had a positive impact on the foundational skills of initial sound identification and letter sound identification, though not on all combinations of language and grade. — related