Fluency Formula™ shows a positive but statistically non-significant effect on second-grade oral reading fluency (effect size 0.26, improvement index +10)¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r? · q3
Currency · newest study 2007 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? In a randomized controlled trial, Fluency Formula™ students outperformed comparison students on the Oral Fluency Assessment with an effect size of 0.26 that was not statistically significant. → Fluency Formula™ WWC Intervention Report 2007

Evidence¶

Fluency Formula™ WWC Intervention Report 2007¶

Fluency Formula™ WWC Intervention Report. (2007). What Works Clearinghouse, U.S. Department of Education. http://teacher.scholastic.com/products/fluencyformula/pdfs/FF_EffectivessReport.pdf

q3 · i? · causal · r?

Randomized controlled trial (Sivin-Kachala & Bialo, 2005) with 128 second-grade students below the 75th OFA pretest percentile in two suburban districts; WWC-computed fluency effect size was 0.26, "ns", improvement index +10 (Appendix A3.1).

"The WWC found no statistically significant difference between the groups, however, the effect was positive and substantively important according to WWC criteria (that is, an effect size of at least .25)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Reading and Language — outcome: instruction changes it
• Reading Fluency — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• The evidence base for Fluency Formula™ consists of a single small randomized controlled trial, with no studies addressing alphabetics or general reading achievement — related
• Fluency effects of Fluency Formula™ differ by initial ability: positive for low-ability students (effect size 0.66) and negative for high-ability students (effect size –0.21), both non-significant — related
• Fluency Formula™ shows a negative but statistically non-significant effect on second-grade reading comprehension (effect size –0.28, improvement index –11) — related
• Corrective Reading produced statistically significant positive effects on oral reading fluency in a randomized controlled trial of third-grade struggling readers — related
• SMART® tutoring produced statistically significant positive effects on oral reading fluency on both first- and second-grade passages — related
• Christ and Davie (2009) found positive, statistically significant effects of Read Naturally® Software Edition on three reading fluency measures — related
• Fluency-building activities for struggling readers in grades 4–9 have strong evidence, based on 33 studies — a broader claim this one bears on