Children with only fluency difficulties read more correct words per minute than children with both decoding and fluency problems¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2012 · checked against its sources 2026-10-18 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? In the authors' discussion of skill profiles, children who had only fluency difficulties demonstrated significantly more correct words per minute than those with decoding and fluency problems. → Grills-Taquechel 2012

Evidence¶

Grills-Taquechel 2012¶

Grills-Taquechel, Amie E.; Fletcher, Jack M.; Vaughn, Sharon R.; Stuebing, Karla K. (2012). Anxiety and Reading Difficulties in Early Elementary School: Evidence for Unidirectional- or Bi-Directional Relations? Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 43(1), 35-47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-011-0246-1

q2 · i? · associational · r2

A contrast reported in the Discussion section to explain why the decoding-harm avoidance relation did not reciprocate for fluency: children with fluency difficulties can be accurate but slow, so they do not experience the inability to do things right. No test statistic or effect size is printed.

"Indeed, children in this study who had only fluency difficulties demonstrated significantly more correct words per minute than those with decoding and fluency problems."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Decoding — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
• Reading and Language — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
• Reading Fluency — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Children with ADHD show lower oral contextual and non-contextual reading fluency than controls despite intact word reading — related
• Below Basic adults read far fewer words per minute than higher-level readers, with 49% reading at 60 wcpm or slower — related