Children with ADHD show lower oral contextual and non-contextual reading fluency than controls despite intact word reading¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2011 · checked against its sources 2026-10-20 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? After controlling for sex and GAI, children with ADHD had significantly lower GORT-IV Fluency (ΔR2 = .064, p = .032) and TOWRE Phonetic Decoding Efficiency (ΔR2 = .075, p = .030) than controls. → Jacobson 2011
Evidence¶
Jacobson 2011¶
Jacobson, L. A., Ryan, M., Martin, R. B., Ewen, J., Mostofsky, S. H., Denckla, M. B., & Mahone, E. M. (2011). Working Memory Influences Processing Speed and Reading Fluency in ADHD. Child Neuropsychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2010.532204
q3 · i? · associational · r2
Group comparison of 41 ADHD and 21 control children, all screened to exclude word reading deficits (below 25th percentile on WJ-III Basic Reading), found "significantly lower scores on both oral contextual reading fluency" and TOWRE PDE after controlling for sex and GAI. Silent fluency (WJ-III RF, TOWRE SWE) differences were not significant.
"After controlling for sex and GAI, children with ADHD had significantly lower scores on both oral contextual reading fluency (GORT-IV Fluency, ΔR2 = .064, p = .032) and oral non-contextual fluency (TOWRE Phonetic Decoding; ΔR2 = .075, p = .030)."
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Reading Fluency — outcome: instruction changes it
Related Claims¶
- Verbal working memory predicts oral reading fluency in children with and without ADHD — related
- Non-graphomotor processing speed (residualized Coding) predicts oral reading fluency similarly in children with and without ADHD — related
- Children with ADHD perform worse than controls on WISC-IV Coding but not on Coding Copy, indicating deficits beyond graphomotor speed — related
- Children with only fluency difficulties read more correct words per minute than children with both decoding and fluency problems — related
- Children with ADHD exhibit significantly lower visual-motor integration and math and written language achievement than Non-ADHD peers, but intact visual perception and reading — related
- Verbally gifted adolescents with ADHD show poor recall and recognition on online memorization despite strong verbal fluency — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
adhd-reduced-oral-reading-fluency |
title |
Children with ADHD show lower oral contextual and non-contextual reading fluency than controls despite intact word reading |
description |
Children with ADHD show lower oral contextual and non-contextual reading fluency than controls despite intact word reading |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2011 |
source_checked |
2026-10-20 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — jacobson-2011 |
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