The pooled gamification effect is robust across dependence assumptions, quality thresholds, and model specifications, with no evidence of publication bias¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesis r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Sensitivity analyses (ρ = 0.30–0.90, aggregated-effect and journal-only models) yielded closely aligned estimates, and Egger's regression and PET-PEESE found no evidence of small-study effects or publication bias. → Ratinho 2026

Evidence¶

Ratinho 2026¶

Ratinho, E., Figueiredo, M., Estêvão, D., Faísca, L., & Martins, C. (2026). Gamification on Mathematics Engagement and Motivation in Secondary School and Higher Education: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-025-10108-1

q3 · i? · quant-synthesis · r2

Publication-bias assessment within the meta-analysis: an Egger-type meta-regression with RVE clustered by study, plus PET-PEESE estimators, both yielding non-significant intercepts. The article reports "no evidence of funnel plot asymmetry or small-study effects". Sensitivity estimates ranged from g = 0.107 (MMAT ≤ 60% excluded) to g = 0.416.

"The regression intercept was non-significant ( b =.767, SE = 1.98, t (4.71) =.39, p =.715), and the slope was also non-significant ( b = −1.597, SE = 8.78, t (4.65) = -.18, p =.863). These results suggest no evidence of funnel plot asymmetry or small-study effects."

Discussion¶

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