Race-by-gender disparities are more pronounced: Black boys lost 132 days per 100 enrolled and Black girls lost 77, seven times the rate of White girls¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2020 · checked against its sources 2026-10-20 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2025: baselines and conditions change

Subclaims¶

q2 i? At the secondary level, Black boys lost 132 days per 100 enrolled and Black girls 77 days, which was seven times the rate for White girls. → Losen 2020

Evidence¶

Losen 2020¶

Losen, D. J., & Martinez, P. (2020). Lost opportunities: How disparate school discipline continues to drive differences in the opportunity to learn. Learning Policy Institute; Center for Civil Rights Remedies at the Civil Rights Project, UCLA. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED608537

q2 · i? · associational · r1

Descriptive disaggregation of 2015-16 CRDC lost-instruction rates by race with gender at the secondary level, quoting the printed rates for Black boys, Black girls, and White girls. No inferential statistics reported.

"Black boys lost 132 days per 100 students enrolled. Black girls had the second highest rate, at 77 days per 100 students enrolled, which was seven times the rate of lost instruction experienced by White girls at the secondary level."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Gender — predictor: outcomes differ by group: a gap reflecting circumstances and treatment, not a cause
• Race and Ethnicity — predictor: outcomes differ by group: a gap reflecting circumstances and treatment, not a cause

Related Claims¶

• Students in alternative schools experience extraordinarily high lost-instruction rates, with Black boys losing 235 days per 100 enrolled — related
• Black secondary students lost 103 days of instruction per 100 enrolled, 82 more days than their White peers — related
• In many large districts, secondary students lost more than a year of instruction per 100 enrolled, up to 416 days in Grand Rapids, MI — related
• Intersecting identities compound suspension risk: 0.1% of Asian girls without special education services in elementary schools were suspended versus 27% of Black boys with disabilities in secondary schools — related
• Secondary students lose instruction due to out-of-school suspensions at more than five times the rate of elementary students (37 vs. 7 days per 100 enrolled) — related