Only L1-gloss-L2-ex and L1-in-text-gloss conditions significantly outperform the no-gloss control on all three vocabulary recall tests¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2009 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Scheffé post-hoc tests showed significant differences favoring L1-gloss-L2-ex and L1-in-text-gloss over no-gloss on VocTests 1, 2, and 3, but no significant differences for L1-MG-gloss or the control. → Cheng 2009

Evidence¶

Cheng 2009¶

Cheng, Y.-H., & Good, R. L. (2009). L1 glosses: Effects on EFL learners’ reading comprehension and vocabulary retention. Reading in a Foreign Language, 21(2), 119–142. doi:10.64152/10125/66828

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Scheffé post-hoc multiple comparisons on the three delayed-design vocabulary tests: e.g., VocTest 1 L1-gloss-L2-ex (M = 9.94) vs no-gloss (M = 5.48), p = .001; L1-in-text-gloss (M = 9.58) vs no-gloss, p = .002; L1-MG-gloss comparisons were not significant.

"significant differences were found in both the L1-gloss-L2-example and the L1-in-text-gloss conditions, but not in the L1-MG-gloss and the no-gloss conditions on VocTests 1, 2, and 3"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Earlier meta-analyses, as reported second-hand, find that glosses improve L2 vocabulary learning and that text-and-picture glosses outperform single-mode glosses — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it
• All three L1 gloss conditions significantly improve immediate vocabulary recall over a no-gloss control in EFL reading — reports the opposite
• L1 glosses do not significantly improve EFL reading comprehension compared with no glosses — related
• Proficiency moderates gloss effects: vocabulary benefits appear at Levels 2 and 3 but not Levels 1 and 4 — related
• Multimedia glosses improve EFL students' immediate vocabulary acquisition relative to reading the same texts without glosses — related
• Vocabulary retention declines between immediate and first delayed recall, then rises slightly between the first and second delayed tests — related
• Adventure video games with supplementary vocabulary material outperform control conditions on receptive and productive vocabulary tests — related
• In Lomicka's think-aloud study, no statistical differences emerged among no-gloss, single-gloss, and multiple-gloss groups despite apparent vocabulary gains from multiple annotations — related
• Learners hold positive attitudes toward glosses, but their perceptions of which gloss type works best do not match measured performance — related