Hypothesized indirect effects from technology acceptance to engagement through reflective use, PSE, and the serial RU–PSE path are not significant (null result)¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The total effect of TA on ENG was significant, but bootstrap indirect effects through RU, through PSE, and through the serial RU–PSE pathway were not statistically significant. → Wang S and Zhao J 2026

Evidence¶

Wang S and Zhao J 2026¶

Wang S and Zhao J (2026) Reflective AI use and student engagement in AI-supported programming: technology acceptance, programming self-efficacy, and behavioral trace evidence. Front. Psychol. 17:1929887. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1929887

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Bootstrap indirect-effect tests (5,000 case-resampling draws, percentile intervals) in the N = 131 survey SEM. The article reports "The total effect of TA on ENG was significant, but the indirect effects through RU, through PSE, and through the serial RU–PSE pathway were not statistically significant." No standardized effect sizes are printed for the indirect estimates; results are described as partial support, not significant mediation.

"The total effect of TA on ENG was significant, but the indirect effects through RU, through PSE, and through the serial RU–PSE pathway were not statistically significant."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

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• Technology acceptance directly predicts reflective AI use and learning engagement in AI-supported programming (survey SEM, N=131) — related
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