Claims

First-language and bilingual programs in Peru, Bolivia, and the United States show students are better off acquiring knowledge in their mother tongues

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2018 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q2 i? The review reports that research from first-language and bilingual programs in Peru, Bolivia, and the United States shows students are better off when they acquire knowledge in their mother tongues and continue using that language. → Behrmann 2018

Evidence

Behrmann 2018

Behrmann, T. (2018). Evaluating the effects of mother tongue on math and science instruction. Monument, CO, USA: ISTES Organization. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED603513

q2 · i? · causal · r2

A narrative-review statement in the literature review chapter, describing cross-country program evidence the author cites (including Bühmann & Trudell, 2008, on Peru) without printing effect sizes or study designs.

"Research from first language and bilingual programs from such countries as Peru, Bolivia, and the United States have also shown that students are better off when they acquire knowledge in their mother tongues and continue to use this language throughout their lives."

Discussion

Page metadata
Field Value
status review
generated by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-11-02
trust unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content

Frontmatter is the page's machine-readable record — see the Schema & Guide.