Irûmi's CT gains were concentrated in abstraction, algorithmic thinking, and evaluation, with a small negative effect on debugging¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3 · i1 small
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q3 i1 Gains of 0.136 SD in abstraction, 0.086 SD in algorithmic thinking, and 0.143 SD in evaluation; a negative effect of -0.081 SD on debugging. → Emma Näslund-Hadley 2026

Evidence¶

Emma Näslund-Hadley 2026¶

Emma Näslund-Hadley, Juan Manuel Hernández-Agramonte, Humberto Santos, Pablo Zoido. (2026). Impact of an educational robot-based intervention on second-graders computational thinking skills: experimental evaluation of the Irûmi program in Paraguay. Education Tech Research Dev. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-026-10675-2

q3 · i1 · causal · r2

Skill-level ITT estimates from the same cluster RCT (Table 5), each skill scored as percentage correct on grouped tasks. The article reports "gains in abstraction (0.136 SD), algorithmic thinking (0.086 SD), and evaluation skills (0.143 SD)"; the largest printed effect size is 0.143 SD, in the 0.2–0.39 range boundary reported as small-to-moderate.

"Table 5 breaks down the effect by each CT skill, showing gains in abstraction (0.136 SD), algorithmic thinking (0.086 SD), and evaluation skills (0.143 SD). There was a negative effect on debugging skills (-0.081 SD)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

Digital Literacy — outcome: instruction changes it

The Irûmi robot-based program improved second-graders' computational thinking scores by 0.089 standard deviations in Paraguay — related

Page metadata

Field	Value
`type`	`claim`
`id`	`irumi-ct-skill-breakdown`
`title`	`Irûmi's CT gains were concentrated in abstraction, algorithmic thinking, and evaluation, with a small negative effect on debugging`
`description`	`Irûmi's CT gains were concentrated in abstraction, algorithmic thinking, and evaluation, with a small negative effect on debugging`
`status`	`review`
`evidence_strength`	`moderate`
`newest_evidence`	`2026`
`generated`	by `process:wiki-ingest` on `2026-10-28`
`trust`	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
`sources`	1 — `emma-näslund-hadley-2026`

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