The Irûmi robot-based program improved second-graders' computational thinking scores by 0.089 standard deviations in Paraguay¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causalr2·q3·i0negligible
Currency · newest study 2026 · checked against its sources 2026-10-28 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i0 Treatment students' CT score improved by 0.089 SD relative to control in the full-sample ITT estimate, a small printed effect size. → Emma Näslund-Hadley 2026
Evidence¶
Emma Näslund-Hadley 2026¶
Emma Näslund-Hadley, Juan Manuel Hernández-Agramonte, Humberto Santos, Pablo Zoido. (2026). Impact of an educational robot-based intervention on second-graders computational thinking skills: experimental evaluation of the Irûmi program in Paraguay. Education Tech Research Dev. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-026-10675-2
q3 · i0 · causal · r2
Cluster RCT with 104 treatment and 103 control schools; OLS with baseline CT score, controls, strata fixed effects, school-clustered SEs. The article reports the program "improved students' CT score by 0.089 standard deviations (SD)" (N = 1,871), a printed effect size of 0.089 SD, below d = 0.2.
"The program improved students' CT score by 0.089 standard deviations (SD)."
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Digital Literacy — outcome: instruction changes it
Related Claims¶
- Irûmi increased second-graders' positive attitudes toward technology by 0.228 SD — related
- Irûmi's CT gains were concentrated in abstraction, algorithmic thinking, and evaluation, with a small negative effect on debugging — related
- Irûmi improved teachers' attitudes toward new technologies in education by 0.293 SD — related
- Irûmi increased teachers' probability of using robots in class by 82 percentage points and notebooks by 18 percentage points — related
- Irûmi increased girls' STEM toy preferences and gender flexibility regarding who can play with STEM toys — related
- In the full-sample analysis, baseline demographic and prior-achievement differences between treatment and matched comparison groups were minimal, with effect sizes below the WWC threshold — related
- Effects of P(j)BL on CT are mixed across studies, with positive, null, and negative findings reported — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
irumi-ct-score-effect-0-089-sd |
title |
The Irûmi robot-based program improved second-graders' computational thinking scores by 0.089 standard deviations in Paraguay |
description |
The Irûmi robot-based program improved second-graders' computational thinking scores by 0.089 standard deviations in Paraguay |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2026 |
source_checked |
2026-10-28 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-28 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — emma-näslund-hadley-2026 |
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