Spanish phonological awareness items loaded more strongly on the general factor than English items, while English print knowledge items loaded more strongly than Spanish items¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2017 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
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q3 i? For phonological awareness, Spanish items generally had stronger general-factor loadings than English items; the reverse held for print knowledge. → Goodrich J. Marc 2017
Evidence¶
Goodrich J. Marc 2017¶
Goodrich J. Marc, Lonigan Christopher J. (2017). Language-Independent and Language-Specific Aspects of Early Literacy: An Evaluation of the Common Underlying Proficiency Model. Journal of Educational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000179
q3 · i? · associational · r2
Bifactor loading patterns for 858 preschoolers; "Spanish items had stronger loadings on the General Phonological Awareness factors than did English items". The authors attribute this to greater L1 exposure, and note English print knowledge showed the opposite pattern, attributed to English being the language of instruction.
"With the exception of elision items that were multiple choice, Spanish items had stronger loadings on the General Phonological Awareness factors than did English items, indicating that L1 phonological awareness is a better indicator of the common underlying proficiency than is L2 phonological awareness."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Spanish-speaking language-minority preschoolers show a common underlying proficiency for phonological awareness, with bifactor models fitting better than correlated-factors models — related
- A common underlying proficiency exists for print knowledge, and it accounted for more variance than for phonological awareness, contrary to the authors' hypothesis — related
- Language-independent phonological awareness and print knowledge factors relate to each other and to language-specific early literacy factors, suggesting a general language-learning capacity — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
language-asymmetry-general-factor-loadings |
title |
Spanish phonological awareness items loaded more strongly on the general factor than English items, while English print knowledge items loaded more strongly than Spanish items |
description |
Spanish phonological awareness items loaded more strongly on the general factor than English items, while English print knowledge items loaded more strongly than Spanish items |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2017 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-24 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — goodrich-j-marc-2017 |
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