An item positioned later in one booklet was found more difficult by that booklet's test takers, attributed to fatigue effect¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2021 · checked against its sources 2026-10-20 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Item 15 in Booklet A, which appeared as item 9 in Booklet B, was found more difficult by Booklet A test takers, which the authors attribute to a fatigue effect. → Soysal 2021

Evidence¶

Soysal 2021¶

Soysal, S., & Yilmaz Kogar, E. (2021). An Investigation of Item Position Effects by Means of IRT-Based Differential Item Functioning Methods. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 8(2), 239-256. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.779963

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Item-parameter comparison across TEOG booklets (Appendix-1) shows the position-difficulty pattern; the article states the item "was found more difficult by the test takers of Booklet A" and attributes this to fatigue effect per Davis and Ferdous (2005).

"item 15 in Booklet A was found to be 9 in Booklet B, and this item was found more difficult by the test takers of Booklet A ( see Appendix-1). This could be attributed to the fatigue effect, mentioned in the study by Davis and Ferdous (2005)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Items flagged as DIF were generally positioned at considerably different places between booklets, suggesting position-related DIF — related
• Intra-testlet items were slightly more difficult than stand-alone questions (p′ = 0.69 ± 0.15 vs 0.75 ± 0.15) — related
• Some items positioned close together across booklets were also flagged as DIF, possibly due to Type I error from sampling — related