Multidigit numeral interpretation improves with age, with second graders outperforming first graders and kindergarteners¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3·i3large
Currency · newest study 2014 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i3 A significant grade main effect (ηp2=.42) reflected improvement across grades, with second graders outperforming both younger groups. → Mix 2014
Evidence¶
Mix 2014¶
Mix, Kelly S., Prather, Richard W., Smith, Linda B., & Stockton, Jerri DaSha. (2014). Young Children's Interpretation of Multidigit Number Names: From Emerging Competence to Mastery. Child Development. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12197
q3 · i3 · associational · r2
Repeated measures ANOVA in Experiment 1 (n = 91) showed a significant main effect of grade, F(2, 264) = 94.37, p < .001, ηp2=.42. Bonferroni t tests showed "second graders (M = 0.87, SD = .10) outperformed both first graders (M = 0.81, SD = .12)" and kindergarteners (M = 0.66).
"second graders (M = 0.87, SD = .10) outperformed both first graders (M = 0.81, SD = .12), t(178) = 4.02, p < .001, and kindergarten students (M = 0.66, SD = .15), t(196) = 11.77, p < .001"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Children from kindergarten through second grade perform significantly above chance on simple multidigit numeral identification and comparison tasks — related
- Children as young as 3½ years perform significantly above chance identifying and comparing multidigit numerals — related
- Kindergarteners use partial-knowledge heuristics such as digit recognition and the word hundred to interpret multidigit numerals — related
- Monitoring discrimination and overconfidence improve with age between kindergarten and second grade — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
multidigit-interpretation-improves-with-grade |
title |
Multidigit numeral interpretation improves with age, with second graders outperforming first graders and kindergarteners |
description |
Multidigit numeral interpretation improves with age, with second graders outperforming first graders and kindergarteners |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2014 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — mix-2014 |
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