Children as young as 3½ years perform significantly above chance identifying and comparing multidigit numerals¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr1·q3·i3large
Currency · newest study 2014 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2019: baselines and conditions change
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i3 All three age groups (3½, 4½, and 5 years) performed significantly above chance on numerals tasks, with a significant age main effect (ηp2=.23). → Mix 2014
Evidence¶
Mix 2014¶
Mix, Kelly S., Prather, Richard W., Smith, Linda B., & Stockton, Jerri DaSha. (2014). Young Children's Interpretation of Multidigit Number Names: From Emerging Competence to Mastery. Child Development. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12197
q3 · i3 · associational · r1
Experiment 2 tested 92 children aged 3½ to 5 years on 16 numerals items. A repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant main effect of age, F(1, 89) = 13.59, p < .001, ηp2=.23, and "they nonetheless performed significantly above chance on both tasks by 3½ years of age."
"they nonetheless performed significantly above chance on both tasks by 3½ years of age and on most items within each task by 4½ years of age"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Multidigit numeral interpretation improves with age, with second graders outperforming first graders and kindergarteners — related
- Kindergarteners use partial-knowledge heuristics such as digit recognition and the word hundred to interpret multidigit numerals — related
- Children from kindergarten through second grade perform significantly above chance on simple multidigit numeral identification and comparison tasks — related
- Children perform better with written numerals than with base-10 blocks or dot arrays on multidigit tasks — related
- Numerical routines individualize through a three-stage sequence of vertical and horizontal bonding — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
preschoolers-above-chance-multidigit-numerals |
title |
Children as young as 3½ years perform significantly above chance identifying and comparing multidigit numerals |
description |
Children as young as 3½ years perform significantly above chance identifying and comparing multidigit numerals |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2014 |
recheck_by |
2019 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — mix-2014 |
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