The three preparatory conditions did not differ on procedural knowledge acquisition¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3 · i0 negligible
Currency · newest study 2021 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i0 As hypothesized, ANCOVA showed no significant differences among PF, VF-process, and VF-outcome on the procedural knowledge post-test (ηp 2 = 0.002, negligible). → Christian Hartmann 2021

Evidence¶

Christian Hartmann 2021¶

Christian Hartmann, Tamara van Gog, Nikol Rummel. (2021). Preparatory effects of problem solving versus studying examples prior to instruction. Instructional Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-020-09528-z

q3 · i0 · causal · r2

ANCOVA on the procedural knowledge subscale (applying the mean absolute deviation procedure), controlling for mathematical ability and prior knowledge, found "no significant differences among conditions", F(2, 168) = 0.15, p = 0.863, consistent with prior PF research.

"an ANCOVA on procedural knowledge showed that there were no significant differences among conditions with respect to procedural knowledge acquisition, F(2, 168) = 0.15, p = 0.863, ηp 2 = 0.002"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Prior knowledge moderated the VF-process advantage over PF: the benefit of observing the process grew with prior knowledge, while prior knowledge did not affect post-test performance in the PF condition — related
• No significant differences among PF, VF-high, VF-low, and DI conditions on procedural knowledge acquisition — related